Adding Oracle JDK11 in Debian Alternatives system
Philosophical perspective
The Debian alternatives system creates a way for several programs that fulfill the same or similar functions to be listed as alternative implementations that are installed simultaneously but with one particular implementation designated as the default.
source: Debian alternatives
If you use Debian you should manage your multiple Java installation under this system.
List existing Java alternatives
In your Debian machine, you can query the existing configured Java alternatives with
stylee@matrix17:~$ sudo update-java-alternatives -l
java-1.11.0-openjdk-amd64 1111 /usr/lib/jvm/java-1.11.0-openjdk-amd64
oracle-java6-jdk-amd64 316 /usr/lib/jvm/oracle-java6-jdk-amd64
oracle-java8-jdk-amd64 318 /usr/lib/jvm/oracle-java8-jdk-amd64
stylee@matrix17:~$
I installed JDK 11.0.6 from Oracle’s deb package and I have
stylee@matrix17:~$ dpkg -l |grep jdk
ii jdk-11.0.6 11.0.6-1 amd64 Java Platform Standard Edition Development Kit
stylee@matrix17:~$
but it doesn’t appear in my alternatives configuration. Oracle does not support the configuration for Debian alternatives.
To enable it, we have to follow the follwing steps.
Create a jinfo file for JDK 11
Thanks to dedeibel work, we have a working jinfo for a JDK 11.0.2 installation, we can easily adapt it to our version.
name=jdk-11.0.6
priority=1106
section=main
hl java /usr/lib/jvm/jdk-11.0.6/bin/java
hl jexec /usr/lib/jvm/jdk-11.0.6/lib/jexec
hl keytool /usr/lib/jvm/jdk-11.0.6/bin/keytool
hl pack200 /usr/lib/jvm/jdk-11.0.6/bin/pack200
hl rmid /usr/lib/jvm/jdk-11.0.6/bin/rmid
hl rmiregistry /usr/lib/jvm/jdk-11.0.6/bin/rmiregistry
hl unpack200 /usr/lib/jvm/jdk-11.0.6/bin/unpack200
jdk jar /usr/lib/jvm/jdk-11.0.6/bin/jar
jdk jarsigner /usr/lib/jvm/jdk-11.0.6/bin/jarsigner
jdk javac /usr/lib/jvm/jdk-11.0.6/bin/javac
jdk javadoc /usr/lib/jvm/jdk-11.0.6/bin/javadoc
jdk javap /usr/lib/jvm/jdk-11.0.6/bin/javap
jdk jcmd /usr/lib/jvm/jdk-11.0.6/bin/jcmd
jdk jconsole /usr/lib/jvm/jdk-11.0.6/bin/jconsole
jdk jdb /usr/lib/jvm/jdk-11.0.6/bin/jdb
jdk jdeps /usr/lib/jvm/jdk-11.0.6/bin/jdeps
jdk jinfo /usr/lib/jvm/jdk-11.0.6/bin/jinfo
jdk jmap /usr/lib/jvm/jdk-11.0.6/bin/jmap
jdk jps /usr/lib/jvm/jdk-11.0.6/bin/jps
jdk jrunscript /usr/lib/jvm/jdk-11.0.6/bin/jrunscript
jdk jstack /usr/lib/jvm/jdk-11.0.6/bin/jstack
jdk jstat /usr/lib/jvm/jdk-11.0.6/bin/jstat
jdk jstatd /usr/lib/jvm/jdk-11.0.6/bin/jstatd
jdk rmic /usr/lib/jvm/jdk-11.0.6/bin/rmic
jdk serialver /usr/lib/jvm/jdk-11.0.6/bin/serialver
Put it in the right position, under
/usr/lib/jvm/.jdk-11.0.6.jinfo
Right now, update-alternatives just detect it
stylee@matrix17:~$ sudo update-java-alternatives -l
java-1.11.0-openjdk-amd64 1111 /usr/lib/jvm/java-1.11.0-openjdk-amd64
jdk-11.0.6 1106 /usr/lib/jvm/jdk-11.0.6
oracle-java6-jdk-amd64 316 /usr/lib/jvm/oracle-java6-jdk-amd64
oracle-java8-jdk-amd64 318 /usr/lib/jvm/oracle-java8-jdk-amd64
stylee@matrix17:~$
But it’s not finished, yet: we have to tell update-alternatives which binary
to bind.
Configure JDK 11 binaries to alternatives system
Launch the following commands
sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/java java /usr/lib/jvm/jdk-11.0.6/bin/java 1106
sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/jexec jexec /usr/lib/jvm/jdk-11.0.6/lib/jexec 1106
sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/keytool keytool /usr/lib/jvm/jdk-11.0.6/bin/keytool 1106
sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/pack200 pack200 /usr/lib/jvm/jdk-11.0.6/bin/pack200 1106
sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/rmid rmid /usr/lib/jvm/jdk-11.0.6/bin/rmid 1106
sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/rmiregistry rmiregistry /usr/lib/jvm/jdk-11.0.6/bin/rmiregistry 1106
sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/unpack200 unpack200 /usr/lib/jvm/jdk-11.0.6/bin/unpack200 1106
sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/jar jar /usr/lib/jvm/jdk-11.0.6/bin/jar 1106
sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/jarsigner jarsigner /usr/lib/jvm/jdk-11.0.6/bin/jarsigner 1106
sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/javac javac /usr/lib/jvm/jdk-11.0.6/bin/javac 1106
sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/javadoc javadoc /usr/lib/jvm/jdk-11.0.6/bin/javadoc 1106
sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/javap javap /usr/lib/jvm/jdk-11.0.6/bin/javap 1106
sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/jcmd jcmd /usr/lib/jvm/jdk-11.0.6/bin/jcmd 1106
sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/jconsole jconsole /usr/lib/jvm/jdk-11.0.6/bin/jconsole 1106
sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/jdb jdb /usr/lib/jvm/jdk-11.0.6/bin/jdb 1106
sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/jdeps jdeps /usr/lib/jvm/jdk-11.0.6/bin/jdeps 1106
sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/jinfo jinfo /usr/lib/jvm/jdk-11.0.6/bin/jinfo 1106
sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/jmap jmap /usr/lib/jvm/jdk-11.0.6/bin/jmap 1106
sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/jps jps /usr/lib/jvm/jdk-11.0.6/bin/jps 1106
sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/jrunscript jrunscript /usr/lib/jvm/jdk-11.0.6/bin/jrunscript 1106
sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/jstack jstack /usr/lib/jvm/jdk-11.0.6/bin/jstack 1106
sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/jstat jstat /usr/lib/jvm/jdk-11.0.6/bin/jstat 1106
sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/jstatd jstatd /usr/lib/jvm/jdk-11.0.6/bin/jstatd 1106
sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/rmic rmic /usr/lib/jvm/jdk-11.0.6/bin/rmic 1106
sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/serialver serialver /usr/lib/jvm/jdk-11.0.6/bin/serialver 1106
and that’s all, it’s all configured correctly.
Use your JDK 11.0.6
To use it, run the following
stylee@matrix17:~$ sudo update-java-alternatives -s jdk-11.0.6
update-alternatives: errore: nessuna alternativa per iceweasel-javaplugin.so
update-alternatives: errore: nessuna alternativa per jaotc
update-alternatives: errore: nessuna alternativa per jdeprscan
update-alternatives: errore: nessuna alternativa per jhsdb
update-alternatives: errore: nessuna alternativa per jimage
update-alternatives: errore: nessuna alternativa per jlink
update-alternatives: errore: nessuna alternativa per jmod
update-alternatives: errore: nessuna alternativa per jshell
stylee@matrix17:~$
To prove your java executable is the right one
stylee@matrix17:~$ java -version
java version "11.0.6" 2020-01-14 LTS
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment 18.9 (build 11.0.6+8-LTS)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM 18.9 (build 11.0.6+8-LTS, mixed mode)
stylee@matrix17:~$